Acute Grape Seed Extract Supplementation Attenuates Cardiovascular Stress Within 2 Hours
"Effects of placebo and GSE (300 mg) on blood pressure and total vascular conductance in response to submaximal workloads were compared 2 hours post-ingestion. Endothelial function was evaluated using flow-mediated dilation (FMD). FMD was significantly augmented by GSE (18.9% vs 12.4% in placebo)..."
The Finding: A single acute dose significantly reduces peripheral vascular resistance and enhances tissue oxygenation. Measured exactly 2 hours post-ingestion via ultrasound-verified flow-mediated dilation (+18.9% FMD enhancement).
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